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What to Know About Tenure and Free Speech Protections

A conflict over a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania has stirred questions about what tenure means.

The University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School in Philadelphia, where the bounds of tenure and free speech protections on campus are being debated.

UPenn Accuses a Professor of Racist Statements. Should She Be Fired?

Amy Wax and free speech groups say the university is trampling on her academic freedom. Students ask whether her speech deserves to be protected.

The University of Pennsylvania law school has been roiled by the statements of a law professor.

Nanocrystaline Chairs That Grow Themselves From Copper

Nanocrystaline Chairs That Grow Themselves From Copper

Despite looking heavy yet delicate, Max Lambโ€™s Nanocrystaline Chairs are anything but. In 2006, the London-based artist began thinking about creating a chair using a material that could be melted away once it was encased in copper. This series of four chairs is the result.

Lamb molded each chair, one at a time, in order to use the very same wax for each. The mold was sprayed with a fine suspension of colloidal silver in alcohol, then submerged in a tank holding a solution of 15% copper. What happens next is referred to as the electro-deposition process. While soaking inside the tank, nanocrystals grew and encapsulated the wax in a honeycomb pattern โ€“ this is where the materialโ€™s strength and flexibility is found. After spending nearly a week in the tank, the chairโ€™s shell was formed.

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 557

Once complete, the wax gets melted, drained into a custom heat box, and reused for the next design. While molding the sculptural chairs, Lamb considered their engineering as much as their appearance. The holes in each design help to provide thin, supporting walls of copper between the inner and outer portions. As mentioned, the chairs are both light and strong.

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 557

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 558

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 558

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 558

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 559

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 559

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 560

copper chair with perforated seat in front of a wood-covered wall

MLA 560

light-skinned man sitting in a chair casually wearing jeans and a dark jacket

Max Lamb

To learn more about the Nanocrystaline Chairs, visit maxlamb.org.

Images courtesy of the artist and Salon 94 Design. ยฉ Max Lamb.

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